Like the folk guitar, the classic guitar is a six-stringed acoustic instrument. The name “classical” suggests that this instrument has been around for many centuries but this is not the case. The instrument, in its present form, did not appear until about the middle of the nineteenth century.

One immediately noticeable difference between the classical and folk guitars is the composition of the strings. Folk guitars are traditionally strung with metal strings and are often played with a pick or plectrum. Classical guitars, on the other hand, are strung with nylon strings and are picked with the thumb and first three fingers of the right hand.

The higher register strings are made wholly of mono-filament nylon. The three bass strings are made of very fine metal wire wrapped around a multi-filament nylon core. Nylon strings tend to have a much lower tension than the folk guitar’s steel strings. As such, they are easier to play and also have a less-harsh, mellower sound than metal strings.

The neck and fingerboard on a classical guitar tends to be wider and less tapered than a folk or electric guitar. The headstock is quite different from the folk guitar headstock. To begin with, machine heads or tuning pegs on a classical guitar are perpendicular to the face of the headstock and point backwards – toward the player. While, on a folk guitar, the machine heads are mounted parallel to the face of the headstock and three machine heads point upward while the other three point toward the floor.

The scale length is the nominal vibrating length

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• Nylon strings are used on classical guitars. In fact, it is dangerous to use heavier strings on a classical guitar, because the instrument is not designed to withstand the high tension they produce. The three lowest strings are made of silver-plated copper wire wound on a core of nylon strands. The upper three are pure nylon filaments.
• Steel strings are designed for acoustic folk guitars. The bass strings are wound on a core of silk or nylon.
• Heavier wound metal strings are designed for electric guitars.

Core and winding materials vary among string makers, and you may wish to experiment with different types to see which produces the sound you like best.Strings are also available with different shapes or contours, from flat to fully rounded. Strings are also sold in light, medium, or heavy gauges. This has to do with the amount of elasticity in the string: light-gauge strings are more elastic and therefore easier to play than heavy ones. Again, depending on the kind of music you play and your own personal taste, you’ll be able to choose the proper string for you. It’s always worthwhile to try different types of strings on your instrument to see if a simple change of strings can lead to improved sound and playability.

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light gauge nylon strings

If the setting is too high, the nut bone needs to be removed and filed down from the underside.If it is too low, a sliver of cardboard or similar material may be inserted underneath, but this should be a temporary solution until a new bone of the right height can be obtained. On a classical guitar the height of the strings at the first fret will be about 1/16 in (1.5 mm).

At the bridge end, a similar adjustment can be made to the bridge bone to produce a height at the twelfth fret of approximately 3/16 in (5 mm). The reason the measurements are approximate is that the exact amount depends on the height of the frets and the total string length, both of which vary from maker to maker.

Note that these measurements are for the nylon string guitar. The metal strings of the acoustic guitar are set lower due to the greater tension, and for the sake of the left hand, steel strings need to be as low as is practical, consistent with clear sound.